The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth and is held in place by gravity. This gaseous layer is vital for the continuation of life. The atmosphere provides oxygen necessary for breathing, blocks harmful solar radiation, and helps maintain the Earth’s temperature balance.
Composition of the Atmosphere
The atmosphere is made up of different gases:
- Nitrogen (78%): Makes up the largest portion of the atmosphere.
- Oxygen (21%): Essential for the respiration of living organisms.
- Argon, carbon dioxide, and other gases (1%): Play roles in climate regulation, photosynthesis, and weather events.
- Water vapor: Influences the formation of weather phenomena.
Layers of the Atmosphere
The atmosphere is divided into layers based on temperature and characteristics:
- Troposphere: The layer where weather events occur.
- Stratosphere: Contains the ozone layer.
- Mesosphere: Most meteors burn up in this layer.
- Thermosphere: Includes the ionosphere, where radio waves are reflected.
- Exosphere: The outermost layer of the atmosphere.
Functions of the Atmosphere
- Protects living beings from harmful solar radiation.
- Prevents the Earth from excessive heating and cooling.
- Regulates weather and climate.
- Largely prevents meteoroids from reaching the Earth’s surface.
Conclusion
The atmosphere is a vital system that provides the fundamental conditions for life on Earth. Protecting it is of great importance for climate balance and the future of all living organisms.
