A prosthesis is an artificial device used for aesthetic and/or functional purposes in cases of loss, damage, or dysfunction of a body part. Derived from the Latin word “prothesis”, meaning “to put in place of”, prostheses are commonly used in medical practice to restore physical integrity and enhance a person’s quality of life.
Types of Prostheses
1. Orthopedic (Limb) Prostheses
- Lower limb prostheses: Used in cases of foot, leg, or knee loss.
- Upper limb prostheses: Applied in cases of hand, arm, or elbow loss.
- Some models feature bionic (electronically controlled) capabilities.
2. Dental Prostheses
- Artificial teeth used to replace missing ones.
- Can be fixed (implants, bridges) or removable (dentures).
3. Breast Prostheses
- Typically applied after mastectomy surgery following breast cancer.
- Available in silicone or saline (saltwater) filled options.
4. Aesthetic Prostheses
- Designed to restore appearance in visibly affected areas like the ear or nose.
5. Ocular Prostheses (Artificial Eyes)
- Artificial eyes used in place of a lost or non-functioning eyeball.
- Usually serve aesthetic purposes rather than vision restoration.
Functions of Prostheses
- Functional Support: Helps people regain mobility and movement.
- Restores Aesthetic Integrity: Assists in preserving body image.
- Psychological Support: Increases self-confidence, especially in appearance-related losses.
- Promotes Independence: Enables daily activities such as work or social interaction.
Prosthesis Application Process
- Evaluation: A specialist assesses the type of loss and prosthetic needs.
- Measurement & Molding: Measurements are taken for custom production.
- Production: The prosthesis is produced with suitable materials and technology.
- Application & Adjustment: The prosthesis is fitted and adjusted as needed.
- Rehabilitation: Physical therapy and training are provided for adaptation.
Technological Advances in Modern Prosthetics
- Microprocessor-controlled prostheses allow more natural movement.
- 3D printing technology enables fast, personalized production.
- Sensor-integrated and brain-controlled bionic limbs provide advanced control and functionality.
Conclusion
Prostheses are not only physical solutions but also address psychological and social aspects, significantly improving overall quality of life. With continuous technological advancements, prosthetics have become more comfortable, functional, and aesthetically pleasing than ever. Whether for mobility, appearance, or confidence, prostheses play a vital role in modern medical care and personal well-being.
